Are subcultures a sign of revolt or an expression of style?

Stan Cohen defined a subculture as

“an episode, condition, person or group of persons" that has in recent times
been defined as a threat to societal values and interests”

Taking that definition subcultures can be a sign of revolt shown by the “skinhead” subculture who were often linked with crime, being working class and listening to music genres such as Ska. Some people argue that their behaviors and their expression of style shown by the way they dressed and the slogans they used were just their way of reacting to the economical and political situations of the times. Another famous subculture is that of the “punks” Their expression of style was seen in their shocking art works, lyrics and clothes that were very different to that of their parents. The sex pistols are a good example of this as they tried to outrage society with their behavior and their song "god save the queen" with shocking album art. However these signs of revolt could have been their way of dealing with the strikes of the 1970s and the political unrest. Some say they were simply trying to be creative with the mess. Subcultures can be both a sign of revolt and an expression of style.

can popular music be a genuine force for political change?

Popular music can be a genuine force for political change in one respect but it cannot completely change anything or everyone’s opinions. It can however help to raise awareness demonstrated by concerts such as live aid which was started to raise funds for famine relief in Ethiopia. Although this cannot change the situation in countries or completely change peoples views on political issues it can however teach people about important issues happening around the world and can help shape opinions that can influence their decisions in such things as voting. Sports teams such as football teams have anthems that can often take a political stand and supporters often join in with chants that overpower others. In this same way some popular music artists write clearly political lyrics that people can choose to follow. But in the wider scheme of things it is only what people choose to take away from it.

Is DRM the best way to save the music industry

Digital rights management:

“is a class of technologies that allow rights owners to set and enforce terms by which people use their intellectual property.”

It is very difficult to see if DRM is the best way to save the music industry as some debate whether it actually needs saving at all.
DRM is a positive thing because it helps ensure a fair use of music and helps artists and their record companies receive money that many are concerned with. Because of this the artist can know with it there is less piracy. However many people still illegally download music despite these rules and the threat of getting caught. DRM cannot fully stop illegal downloads as there will always be people setting up new networks. Some argue it has a negative effect on society. Having no DRM on files can have a positive effect, as people can sample an artist’s music and this may lead them to go out and buy more music. There are extras with the CD which encourages people to still purchase music. iTunes has removed DRM on some of their tracks as they can see it is unpopular, these tracks cost more but can be shared on an unlimited number of computers unlike the normal tracks which can only be shared on 5. DRM may not be the best way to save the music industry because along as there is a market for free downloads people will continue to do so.